4D simulations are often used to show the construction sequence for an entire project, but shorter simulations that focus on a specific period of time are also useful.
Shorter simulations that showcase a shorter construction period of 1-2 weeks are beneficial for precise activities. Activities such as metal framing rough-ins, HVAC installation, plumbing rough-ins, and electrical rough-ins are all activities that could benefit of a shorter time period due to the intricate nature of the work.
What level of detail should be included in a 4D simulation?
Level of detail in a 4D simulation varies on who the simulation is being presented to. If a designer is showcasing the the simulation to the client then the simulation does not need to include intricate details. For the client it would be best to showcase the walls, floors, and roofs of the building in the simulation. Some structural elements could also be shown such as columns to indicate where furniture can and can’t be placed. A subcontractor would benefit from a more intricate model, for example, the steel installer can use a visual representation to understand in which order each column/beam should be placed.
How can model-based quantity takeoff improve the design process?
First and foremost the safety/structural requirements of a building need to be met. Once this is established, preliminary estimates can provide valuable information, even more so with a model based takeoff; this allows for designers to visually see their highest cost elements. Designers can improve their designs using the information provided by preliminary estimates alongside value engineering to optimize the cost and performance of the building.