Journal Entry For
Module 3 - Project Goals Targets & Strategies
Broad
- Sustainable - I would ideally model a net zero site building, but in 220A, I hit some limitations in terms of what materials or HVAC systems could be monitored in Revit. Although, focusing on passive design features could help lower loads as well.. I also want to design for potential future uses —> space is not too specific to the needs of an exhibition center. Consider cost of sustainable features - any additional material cost should be reasonably covered by energy savings during use or reduced capital cost (e.g. costly high R-value windows lower heating and cooling loads enough to allow for a significantly smaller and more efficient HVAC system)
- Constructible - I honestly don't plan to focus on this goal too much for this project although I will consider cost of materials and try not to add overly complicated architectural or structural features.
- Operable - easily operable natural ventilation and MEP systems, adjustable daylighting and electrical lighting (automated sensors as well)
- Useable - thermal comfort of users, spaces align with the activities they will be used for
- Other project goals - outside of the scope of building modeling, this project should include community engagement, use of local companies and labor during design and construction, generate long-term employment opportunities to the surrounding community, and provide green space for public use (this one can be represented within Revit).
Design Goal 1: Energy efficiency
Measure: Site EUI, benchmarking, rooftop solar potential
Targets:
- minimally acceptable value: Arch 2030 standard site EUI, produce enough renewable energy on site to cover building consumption (annual basis)
- desired / target value: 50% of Arch 2030 site EUI, ASHRAE A or B+ rating, produce/have stored enough renewable energy on site to cover building consumption (daily or hourly basis, would require on-site storage)
- HVAC system output half of size or smaller than benchmark standard for building size/location
- lighting is less than 15% of annual site EUI
Strategies:
- Use integrative design approach
- leverage passive design to reduce heating and cooling loads and channel waste process from one process towards another (e.g. excess heat from refrigeration in cafe used to heat hot water - maybe beyond the scope of design for this project; night flush through roof vents on top of atriums/skylights)
- material choice - proper use and location of thermal mass, multi-pane windows with low-e glazing
- daylight penetration strategies further outlines in Design Goal 2
Design Goal 2: Occupant Comfort/Enjoyment
Measure: Views, daylight penetration/potentially glare, indoor temperature variation
Targets:
- minimally acceptable value: some value for daylight penetration (need to research) —> alternatively could have a maximum value for mechanical lighting like ~0.6W/SF
- Windows with views in all offices, common spaces, and conference rooms. Educational spaces will likely all have windows as well, but this may depend on more specific use cases
- less than 10 degrees F temperature difference between hottest and coolest part of the building without considering redistributions and adjustments via HVAC
- Noise from one activity does not disrupt adjacent activities
Strategies:
- have atriums with skylights in areas not near the edges of the building to allow light to penetrate between floors
- monitor window to wall and window to floor area ratios during design (should be highest on south facing walls and lowest on north facing walls if temperate to cool climate) to allow for natural lighting while balancing solar heat gain through windows as well as heat lost due to convection and conduction around windows and framing.
- Use external shelves to shade windows (longest on south facing windows to block more sun during warmer months)
- Use internal light shelves to reflect lighting off of ceiling to allow light to penetrate the building farther from the window and reduce glare from direct light
- organize space so that loudest activities are on one end and quieter on the opposite (i.e. East to West: offices, classrooms, conference rooms, exhibition spaces, cafe, children play zones)
Design Goal 3: Provide accessible public spaces
Measure: Not entirely sure how I would measure this other than a check box. Hypothetically, could use a community survey
Targets:
- Reserve some roof space for a quieter green area —> could include gardening with programing
- designate ground floor patio area
Strategies:
- ground floor patio area includes multiple activity spaces (e.g. tables for eating, meeting, and studying; a playground; grassy picnic type area)
- ground floor patio is easily accessible without entering the building
- Rooftop can be accessed both through stairs and elevators that are accessible from the outside of the building
- ideally, building itself would be easy to access on foot, bike, and by car (specifically for those with physical disabilities, small children, etc.)