- Concept Mass Options : Mixed-Use, Tall Building (20 stories, 15’ floor heights, 300’ total building height)
Aesthetic, eye catching, continuous, hexagonal surface, building mass concepts with varying arc floor corners radii, all round clear views, a potential for natural ventilation, rain collection and a near-even distribution of daylighting around the building.
The square footage at the mid-floors is proportionally reduce by 20% .
Option 1 (29,820 sq. ft per floor) - One Conceptual Mass, Floors 11 and the roof are rotated at 45 degrees while floors 12 - 20 rotation varies between 0 and 45 degrees.
Option 2 (31,254 sq. ft per floor) - Two joined masses, only the roof floor is rotated at 45 degrees while floors 12 - 20 rotation varies between 0 and 45 degrees.
- Location Site: Waikiki Beach Hawaii - An urban oceanside park with an all round comfortable climate, rain, open and mountain views.
- Psychometric Chart (Honolulu, HI)
Best Set of Design Strategies:
- Energy Analysis
Option 1:
Option 2:
- Solar Analysis
Option 1
Option 2
- Summary & Conclusion:
- Option 1 has an average floor area of 29,820 sq. ft compared to Option 2 with 31,254 sq. ft (+5%). The project brief range is 30,000 - 35,000 sq. ft.
- Per the insight analysis, Option 1 has a benchmark predicted EUI of 32.6 kBtu/sq. ft/yr and an energy cost of $3.16 sq. ft/yr while Option 2 has a benchmark EUI of 32.9 kBtu/sq. ft/yr and an energy cost of $3.19 sq. ft/yr. EUI and energy cost values are about the same at 1% variance. Energy Analysis:
Predicted EUI | Option 1 | Option 2 | Variance |
EUI (kBtu/sq. ft/yr) | 32.6 | 32.9 | 0.9% |
Energy Cost | $3.16 | $3.19 | 0.9% |
- Both Option 1 and 2 have cast sunlight shadows on the western and northern sides. Solar Analysis:
Solar Analysis | Option 1 | Option 2 | Variance |
PV Energy Production Savings | $919,335.00 | $1,193,751.00 | +29.8% |
PV Panel Area (sq. m) | 40,012 | 63,552 | +58.8% |
PV Payback (yrs) | 18.2 | 15.0 | -17.6% |
- Green Building Studio Base Building performance analysis:
Performance Analysis | Option 1 | Option 2 | Variance |
Annual Energy Cost | $3,002,508.00 | $3,144,109.00 | +4.7% |
Lifecycle Cost | $40,894,152.00 | $42,822,764.00 | +4.7% |
Water Usage Cost/yr | $68,898.00 | $72,201.00 | +4.8% |
Photovoltaic Analysis Payback (yrs) | 11 | 11 | 0 |
- PV Panel Efficiency EUI Passive Design Reductions:
PV Panel Efficiency | Option 1 | Option 2 | Variance |
16.0% | -2.93 | -2.83 | -3.4% |
18.6% | -3.40 | -3.29 | -3.2% |
20.4% | -3.73 | -3.60 | -3.5% |
- Option 1 could achieve a -0.01 EUI reduction with 45 and 90 degrees building mass orientations while there will be no further EUI impact to Option 2 mass orientation.
- Option 1 - The conceptual mass north and west surfaces receive the least sun, while the roof, south and eastern sides building surfaces receive the most sun.
- Option 2 - The conceptual mass top-half north and west surfaces receive the least sun, while the roof, south and east sides building surfaces receive the most sun.
- Aesthetics - Option 1 has smoother, continuous exterior curved corners while the Option 2 exterior surface corners break at mid-mass to a varying rotation of up to 45 degrees at the roof.
- A lower floor area of about -5% (Explore increasing the floor area in final design)
- A lower PV energy production savings of about -30%
- A lower PV panel area of about -60%
- A lower PV payback of about 18 years (-18%)
- Plug load efficiency
- Operating Schedule
- Lighting Efficiency
- HVAC System
- PV Panel Efficiency
- PV Surface Coverage