Sophia KianniOverview
Key / Essential / Unique Design Features Explored
I started with a rectangular site base in NYC and aimed to develop a design that would effectively utilize the compact layout while fitting well within the urban environment. I ultimately landed on a butterfly-shaped footprint, which helped generate volumetric interest, break up the building’s visual patterns, and maximize energy efficiency. To accommodate all desired features, I opted for a six-floor structure, aligning with the vertical design principles commonly seen in NYC buildings. Additionally, I kept the building’s footprint consistent across all levels, simplifying the structural design and allowing for efficient positioning of the elevator and stairwell. This decision also facilitated maintenance and provided ample space for solar panels on the roof, further enhancing sustainability.
Big Successes
One of my biggest successes was achieving a modern, industrial aesthetic while ensuring the building remained functional and imposing. Keeping the main footprint consistent across floors made navigation easier, particularly for visitors unfamiliar with the space, such as those attending exhibitions.
Another key success was integrating passive design strategies to minimize energy consumption. The strategic use of shading devices on windows helped reduce heat gain, while the placement of solar panels on the roof maximized energy generation and simultaneously provided additional shading. The incorporation of essential structural and mechanical components—including beams, electrical systems, and HVAC—ensured that the building remained efficient without compromising design integrity.
Big Challenges
Given the building’s location in a relatively open area, a major challenge was controlling solar exposure to prevent excessive heat gain throughout the day. Balancing energy efficiency with an aesthetically appealing and functional design was complex. While the simplest solution would have been relying on active strategies like HVAC cooling, I prioritized passive strategies instead. These included double-glazed windows, insulated walls, and static window shades to naturally regulate temperature and reduce reliance on mechanical systems.
Lessons Learned
For students embarking on a similar project, I would recommend keeping all system-dependent areas on one side of the building to streamline design and improve overall navigation. Placing the mechanical room near the bathrooms and positioning stairwells close to the elevator can significantly simplify planning and construction. Additionally, considering HVAC and plumbing requirements from the outset can prevent unnecessary complications later in the design process. Lastly, adhering to NYC’s cultural and building standards allowed me to incorporate a gender-neutral restroom, which required fewer systems and optimized space efficiency.
